Cyst hygroma is one of the lymphangiomas or congenital disorders of the lymphatic drainage system in the form of a tumor filled with water. This cyst is also called obstructive jugular lymphatic and cystic hygroma colli which forms in the head, neck, clavicle, And area axillary. Around 75 until 80% is cyst hygroma colli (CHC) which occurs in the head and neck, 20% in the axilla, and 5% in the mediastinum and inguinal region. 1 The most common predilection The most common location of this cyst is in the posterior trigonum colli above the clavicle. This case is most often found in newborns or can be found during ultrasound prenatal Because is a congenital malformation, and is generally benign, soft and painless. 2
The incidence of hygroma colli cysts reaches one case per 6,000 to 16,000 births in the world, and 1 : 750 of them were spontaneous abortions. Data from the FASTER trial (Evaluation Risk Trimester First And Second) show prevalence of cysts hygroma in a way overall around 1 : 100, whereas cyst hygroma septate found in 1 : 285 fetuses in the first trimester. 3 Hygroma colli cysts can be found moment born (50 until 65%) in the form of swelling Which No painful, and most (80 to 90%) will settle before the age of two years. This case can occur in both boys and girls with a mortality rate of 2 to 6% which is usually secondary to pneumonia, bronchiectasis, And disturbance road breath consequence cyst Which size big 1 . These cysts have the potential to obstruct the airway depending on their anatomical location. Emphasis Which happen on structure surrounding like nerve, vessels blood,
vessels lymph, including also emphasis on channel breathing And This digestion requires immediate treatment. 4
Ultrasonography, CT-scan, and MRI are modalities that can help distinguish the type of mass in the neck. 2.5 While the main therapeutic modality in this case is surgery, namely surgical extirpation by removing the cyst lesion. Although excision or surgical extirpation of the tumor is the treatment of choice, several other therapeutic methods have been studied such as local injection of bleomycin fat emulsion which can be an alternative therapy. 2.3
Given the large number of important structures around the area where the hygroma cyst develops and its potential to become an emergency case, it is important to learn more details about the diagnosis of hygroma cysts so that the appropriate management can be carried out. fast And appropriate can done. Based on background behind said, the author is interested For discuss more carry on about cyst hygroma, including diagnosis and management.